Metallic welding rod



prifi 29, 193. H. R. PENNINGTON METALLIC WELDING ROD Original Filed Aug.4, 1927 COPPER &

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Patented Apr. 29, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT? OFFICE HARRY R. PENNINGTON,OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HOLLUP CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OFILLINOIS METALLIC WELDING ROD Application filed August 4, 1927, SerialNo. 210,571. Renewed March 12, 1980.

The present invention relates generally to frequently such that when itis provided as a homogeneous mass it has physical properties, which donot permit a ready formation of it into a rod. Various metals and alloysare available in the market which are considered to be mechanicallyworkable, that is they may be drawn, rolled and otherwise deformed.

The object of the present invention is to construct electrodes ofvarying average compositions by'mechanically uniting a plurality ofcommercially available metals or alloys in a proper proportion torealize the desired average compositions.

A particular object of the invention is the provision of a plurality oflengths of metal or alloys joined together to form a rod structure.

Various physical structures may be employed to eifect the purpose of thepresent invention and it is to be understood that the exact relation andthe proportion of the parts will depend upon the desired averagecomposition of the rod and the available compositions of metal or alloyswhich are to be incorporated into the rod.

In the accompanying drawings there are shown several embodiments of theinvention illustrating mechanical forms, the compositions of which areparticularly described hereinafter in the specification. In the drawingsFig. 1 represents a two component rod having a solid metal coresurrounded by a metal sheath;

Fig. 2 represents a metal'core surrounded by two metallic sheaths;

Fig. 3 represents two lengths of metal enclosed within a metallicsheath;

Fig. 4 illustrates a metal core surrounded by a metallic sheath formedofspirally wound metallic ribbon;

Fig. 5 illustrates two contiguous metal strips of different composition;

Fig. 6 shows a rod constructed of two clinched channels of differentmetals and;

Fig. 7 represents a bronze welding rod of the form disclosed in Fig. 1.

When a chrome steel weld is desired the welding rod must have acomposition comprising iron, carbon and chromium. It is difficult andexpensive to compound a homo geneous rod suitable for such use and it isimpracticable to make and carry a stock of this type of rod withdifferent average compositions for various chrome steels. Accordingly Ibuild up such welding rods of metallic parts having compositions thataverage up to a desired composition. For example I may provide a carbonsteel containing 0.5% to 1.0% carbon in the form of a strip, rod orwire. such as the round rod 10 shown in Fig. 1, covered by a sheath 11of a commercially available alloy metal containing from 12 to 16%chromium combined with iron. The relative cross sectional areas of thecore and the sheath may be varied to attain the desired averagecomposition.

The form above described represents two contiguous lengths ofessentially two component metals in which one component is common. Fig.5 represents another form which may employ a similar relation ofchemical elements. It is clear that the change of physical dimensionsalone is sufiicient to create a change in the ultimate averagecomposition.

If a chrome nickel steel weld is desired the sheath 11 may be made of astrip of commercially available alloy containing chromium and nickelsuch for example as that which contains 17 to 20% chromium and from 7 to10% nickel combined with iron.

In order to permit greater variation in the proportions of two alloymetals, as exemplified by nickel and chromium, I may provide one alloymetal in sheath form and employ an nickel alloy illustrate by the stripcontained between core 16 and the circumferential sheath 17 in Fig. 3.

In illustrating a sheath by Figs. 1, 2 and 15 3, I do not intend tolimit the term sheath to an open seamed tube-like structure firmlyclasping the core, but contemplate other forms such as the spirallywound sheath 18 which surrounds core 19 of Fig. 4. Any

i 20 sheath which I employ may be mechanically secured to the core, asfor example, by binding it tightl and if desired the sheath may be spotwel ed at intervals to the core as illustrated at 20 in Fig. 4. Theinvention is not limited to sheathed cores, but contemplates otherbuilt-up rods such as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. In Fig. 5 two strips 21and 22 of substantially rectangular cross section have two fiat surfacesin contiguity and are held together by spot welding 23 at intervals. Therod 2122 may be considered as comparable to the core 16-strip 15 of Fig.3 which are bound together, not by'spot welding, but by the sheath 17. Aplurality of channel strips may be clinched together as illustrated bythe clinching of two channels 24 and 25 in Fig. 6.

The invention as to structure is not limited to steel alloys, butcontemplates also other types such as bronze welding rods. Fig. 7

illustrates a core 26, which may be of material containing copper, andsilicon or phos phorus covered by a sheath containing tin or being puretin as illustrated by the sheath 27. In the bronze welding rod of Fig. 7the tin may be present in suflicient amount to equal 8% of the totalmetal.

Because the physical character of certain desirable homogeneouscompositions does not permit mechanical working such as rolling anddrawing, the various built-up. rods have 7' a practical advantage fromthe manufactur- I ing standpoint. Alloys in which carbon is oversubstantially 0.3% are not readily available commercially in crosssectional form suitable for rod making. Accordingly, the carbon for theweld is rovided in the form of a carbon steel usua ly forming the corefor the'rod structure. The alloy metals are furnished preferably in theform of commercially available stri sv of a workable alloy compositionwhich is a apted for being readily associated with the carbon-containingcore. v I have used a variety of rods of varying composition by employinassembled lengths of available material. The following will illustratethe possible variations:

Ezvample A Per cent Chromium 7. Nickel "3.40 Carbon 0.45 Manganese 0.50

Remainder iron with usual limits of phosphorus, sulphur and silicon.

Remainder iron with usual limits of phosphorus, sulphur and silicon.

Example D Per cent Chromium .0.0 to 10 Nickel 0.0 to 7' Remainder ironwith usual limits of phosphorus, sulphur and silicon.

Such all-solid-metal rods, as distinguished from rods containingpowdered metals and alloys, have the distinct advantage of uni-' formityand of average com osition all along the len h. The absence 0 powderreduces the exposed surface of the rod material and thusminimizesvolatilization, oxidation and mechanical losses as may beproduced b the a heat from the welding flame or arc an mechanicalabrasion and blowing away of-the powder. The uniformity of structure andcomposition assures a sound de osit'and a uniform action of the weldingro It will be understood that the present invention is not limited tothe physical forms and the chemical elements herein shown and described.I contemplate the use of cast rods, say of cast iron for theintroduction of a higher carbon content than may be provided by a carbonsteel, or a pure tungsten wire or other pure metals or alloys as maybecomprehended within the scope of the appended claim.

What I claim is:

A welding rod comprising two lengths of welding metal, one length beingof base metal and the other being an alloy of mechanically workablemetal, enclosing said first length and mechanically secured to theexterior thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name.

-HARRY R. PENNINGTON.

